Caffeine

Improves cognitive performance, particularly in tasks requiring sustained attention, vigilance, and quick decision-making. 1, 2, 3

Increases alertness, attention, and reaction time by stimulating the central nervous system and reducing perceived fatigue.1, 2, 3

Improves performance in short, high-intensity efforts by increasing power output and reducing fatigue. 4

Enhances aerobic endurance by reducing perceived exertion and improving performance in sustained, long-duration activities. 4

May slightly improve certain aspects of memory, with small and inconsistent effects depending on the task and context. 5, 6, 7

Leads to small increases in repetitions performed during resistance training by delaying muscle fatigue. 4

Temporarily reduces feelings of fatigue and increases perceived energy, with short-lived effects that may diminish with regular use. 1, 2, 3